What are the most common trapped gas disorders during descent?

The correct answer highlights that sinus and ear blocks are the most common trapped gas disorders experienced during descent. This phenomenon occurs due to the rapid change in atmospheric pressure as an aircraft descends.

During descent, the pressure in the environment increases, but gas trapped in body cavities—like the ears and sinuses—can struggle to equalize with the external pressure. The Eustachian tube, which connects the middle ear to the back of the throat, must open to allow air to flow in or out, thereby equalizing pressure. If this does not happen, it can lead to discomfort and blockage sensations, resulting in "ear blocks." Similarly, sinus cavities can become congested and unable to equalize pressure, leading to "sinus blocks."

Understanding this concept is crucial for those in aviation and aerospace physiology, particularly regarding the importance of managing pressure changes and recognizing the symptoms associated with trapped gas disorders during flight operations.