What are G-forces?

G-forces, or gravitational forces, are a result of acceleration acting on an object, including the human body. When an aircraft accelerates, decelerates, or changes direction, the body experiences these forces as increases or decreases in weight. For example, during rapid acceleration, the body feels heavier due to the upward push against the force of gravity. Conversely, during rapid deceleration, individuals can experience a sensation of lightness.

Understanding G-forces is crucial in aerospace physiology as they can impact a pilot's ability to perform tasks, affect situational awareness, or even lead to physical effects such as G-induced Loss Of Consciousness (GLOC) in extreme situations. While pressure changes during flight, space radiation, and weightlessness are important concepts in aerospace, they do not define what G-forces are. The key aspect of G-forces revolves around the body's response to acceleration rather than environmental factors uncontrollable by the pilot.